Biocultural evaluation of the mazahua milpa in a community in the northeast of the State of Mexico.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22231/asyd.v21i4.1675Keywords:
community, food sovereignty, life strategy, native maizeAbstract
The biocultural value of the Mazahua milpa and its contribution to food sovereignty has been little studied. The objective of this research was to explain the relationships that develop in the mazahua milpa system, in order to understand its social, cultural, symbolic, economic importance and its contribution to the diet of the population. This work was undertaken in an extended family in San Antonio la Ciénega, a Mazahua community in the northwest of the State of Mexico. Data were obtained through participant observation, in-depth interviews, from a diary and from field assessments. Information was analyzed with reference to Pierre Bourdieu’s theory. The maize field generates a dynamic of sociocultural relationships, manifested in local knowledge, economic and symbolic relationships (seven rituals); related to the use and destiny of both cultivated and non-cultivated species. Women, mainly control the sharing of maize field products, reciprocating with social groups in the community. We describe 34 morpho species of weeds that support food diversity and the family economy. The milpa system helps families achieve human food security from maize (295m2 are required for the system to supply per capita consumption); however, production for the total consumption of the production unit is not achieved, due to the limited family cultivation area. Faced with the scenario of the current civilizational crisis, the need arises to reevaluate the Mazahua milpa, as a production system, based on mutual help and family and community reciprocity.
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