Total productivity of factors in the sugarcane agroindustry by State in Mexico, 2010/2011-2019/2020 harvests.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22231/asyd.v22i2.1652Keywords:
data envelopment analysis, Malmquist index, technical efficiency, technological changeAbstract
In Mexico, in the period 2011/2020, the net production of ground sugarcane grew by 1.1%, the industrialized surface by 1.5%, the field yield decreased -0.4% and the factory efficiency -0.2%. Sugarcane production has grown due to the increase in surface area and not due to technological change. The objective of this study was to verify empirically whether technological change and technical efficiency have come to a halt or whether there has been a technological regression at the level of the 15 producing states for the period 2011/2020. The methodology used was the Malmquist Index, which can be broken down into several indicators. The results show that the assertion that the sustained increase in sugarcane production and standard sugar is due exclusively to the extensive growth based on surface area is not entirely correct. The findings show that on average, between periods, technical efficiency grew by 0.1%, technological change by 2.0%, and total factor productivity by 2.1%. As panel data, the average for all states is of the same magnitude. At the state level, the analysis allowed detecting that, in Colima, the three indicators are 0.0%, being at a complete halt. In Sinaloa, technological change was 12.5%, which reflects a true incorporation of technological innovations and improvements. Tabasco is the only state where there were improvements in efficiency (2.0%), technological change (2.4%), and total factor productivity (4.4%).
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